ABSTRACT
This project
research is carried out with the objective of exploring the impact of effective
communication in an organization. The research tries to look in the problem of
barrier to effective communication in an organization and provide a solution to
such problems. The researcher intends to establish this using Guinness Nigeria
as a case study for proper understanding of how communication system works and
impact an organizational performance. The communication behavior of individual
employees plays a more significant role in organizational life than some think.
During
this research, a questionnaire was designed, administered, collected and
analyzed, this findings help us to know that communication is a tools in
promoting industrial harmony between the employer, employee and the immediate
environment, the organization that has not in-form has already deformed. The effective
decision – making in an organization is with the inclusive of communication as
their part of planning process. The research concluded that
effective communication is essential for the successful performance of
organizations. In fact, it seems clear that communication is the key to all
interpersonal activity. The research therefore recommended that there should be a good communication network in an
organization since a good communication patterns, or
networks, influence groups in several important ways.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Far back to the creation of the
world, communication has been the tool for passing and disseminating ideas.
Effective communication does not
require one way channel but there is a need for feedback. Regardless of where
you work or what function you perform, you will spend other half of your time
communicating.
Studies have shown that 69% of the
working day is spent in one form of communication or another be it face-to-face
conversation, telephone call, reading or writing.
Communication is also a process of
making effective use of the management plan available, using the right channel
of communication to achieve goal or objectives which help to derive maximum
satisfaction.
Communication is part and parcel of
life, applicable to family, colleges and higher institution and is not limited
to business organizations alone.
Management uses communication for
persuasion, to influence relationship, to inform, to share, discover and
uncover information.
In a nutshell, organization would be
unable to function effectively and efficiently but for communication, which is
an indispensable management tool.
A school of management thought has
listed oral communication and listening as skills for gaining employment.
To live, then is to communicate, to
communicate effectively is to enjoy life more fully.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
How many times have you heard that as
an explanation for project failures, disgruntled employees, or a lack of
teamwork in organizations? Aside from the dramatic cases, such as a nurse not
telling a doctor that he is about to operate on the wrong leg or a co-pilot not
telling the pilot that another plane is on the same landing approach, we rarely
know what is meant by “communication problem.” There is a problem of not all employees
are being kept informed. The assumption is that the usual modes of
communication will send important information to everyone who needs to know and
that everyone will receive this information. However, in many organizations, the
information doesn’t reach people who are not using those methods of
communication on a regular basis (e.g., email that isn’t read by front-line
workers).
There is also a problem of employees
not receiving consistent messages from management. Different supervisors are
sending different, sometimes conflicting, messages about priorities. This
causes confusion and distrust among employees.
Again, employees not receiving timely
messages; information is not getting to employees when and where they need it.
Without vital information at the right time and in the right place, the
decision-making process slows and projects are not completed on time or in the
best way.
Critical information (e.g., market
data) is not being shared among key stakeholders. Top management is not
engaging employees who have most of the customer contact in the important
decisions of the organization. Employees are not getting important information
to management.
Top leaders do not discuss
expectations with mid-level managers. Therefore, they do not have the same
expectations nor do they agree on how to reach strategic goals. Because of
this, employees do not have clear goals and benchmarks to guide their progress.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1) To investigate the impact of
effective communication in work place.
2) To find out if there is a significant
relationship between communication and organizational performance.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTION
1) Does communication has positive
impact on workplace?
2) Is there any significant relationship
between communication and organizational performance?
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
Ho: Effective
communication does not have impact on work place.
Hi: Effective
communication has impact on work place.
Ho: There is no significant
relationship between communication and organizational performance.
Hi: There is a significant
relationship between communication and organizational performance.
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The significance of this study is to
enlighten the management on the essence of effective communication in an organization.
Organizational members are able to
acquire and pass on information, give and receive instruction, make group
decision, persuade, give order, advice and explain. It permits cooperation and
coordination.
Ability to communicate effectively
leads to the achievement of the organizational goal.
Management and subordinate should
cooperate and encourage feedback.
1.7 THE SCOPE OF STUDY
The researcher basically covers all
areas as regard the effectiveness and impact of communication in an
organization, organizational communication, organizational communication
network etc. the researcher established this using Guinness Nigeria Plc as a
case study.
1.8 LIMITATIONS OF STUDY
Below are some limitations which the
researcher encountered during the course of carrying out the research work.
(i) Insufficient time: This was a big
problem, the respondent time, coupled with the researcher lecture time was not
encouraging at all.
(ii) Financial constraint: Inadequate
find for mobility was also a problem.
1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Organization structure: The diagrammatic sketch jointly connected to ensure free
flow of authority and responsibility
Feedback:
Response of the receiver sender to each other
Channel: Route
traveled by a message
Formal:
Official group
Informal: Non
official, among pears etc
Barriers:
Something placed, in the way to present free flow of something.
1.10 HISTORICAL PROFILE OF THE ORGANIZATION UNDER STUDY
The firm Guinness Nigeria
Plc came into existence in year 1950 with the sole aim of importing and
distributing Guinness stout from Dublin for eventual sales in Nigeria. Due to
the success of the product in the country it gave rise to a decision to
establish a small brewery in the year 1962. The foundation stone of Guinness
was laid at Ikeja on the 31st January 1962, by Arthur Benjamin Francis Guinness
now the Earl of Irish to which titles he succeeded on his grandfather’s death
until 1967 in active services during the 2nd world war.
Guinness
Nigeria is a
subsidiary of the prestigious Diageo Plc of
the United Kingdom. The brewery was the first
outside of Ireland and Great Britain. Other breweries have been opened
over time – Benin City brewery
in 1974 and Ogba brewery
in 1982.
Guinness Nigeria produces
the following brands – Foreign
Extra Stout (1962),
Guinness Extra Smooth (2005) Malta Guinness (1990), Harp Lager Beer (1974),
Gordon’s Spark (2001), Smirnoff Ice
(2006), Satzenbrau (1995).
Guinness Nigeria Plc is a
company that believes in enriching its communities. This it has achieved by
embarking on laudable Corporate
Social Responsibility projects
in several communities in Nigeria. These projects are Water of Life
initiative, which currently provides potable water to over 500,000 Nigerians
spread across several rural communities, from Northern to Southern Nigeria;
scholarship and Guinness Eye Hospitals in three cities in Nigeria.
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